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　　The Cambridge Companion to the Scottish Enlightenment offers a

philosophical perspective on an eighteenth-century movement that

has been profoundly influential on western culture. A distinguished

team of contributors examines the writings of David Hume, Adam

Smith, Thomas Reid, Adam Ferguson, Colin Maclaurin and other

Scottish thinkers, in fields including philosophy, natural

theology, economics, anthropology, natural science and law. In

addition, the contributors relate the Scottish Enlightenment to its

historical context and assess its impact and legacy in Europe,

America and beyond. The result is a comprehensive and accessible

volume that illuminates the richness, the intellectual variety and

the underlying unity of this important movement. It will be of

interest to a wide range of readers in philosophy, theology,

literature and the history of ideas.

List of contributors

Acknowledgements

Chronology of events relating to the Scottish

Enlightenment

Introduction

1. The context of the Scottish Enlightenment

2. Religion and rational theory

3. The human mind and its powers

4. Anthropology: the 'original' of human nature

5. Science in the Scottish Enlightenment

6. Scepticism and common sense

7. Moral sense and the foundations of morals

8. The political theory of the Scottish Enlightenment

9. Economic theory

10. Natural jurisprudence and the theory of justice

11. Legal theory

12. Sociality and socialisation

13. Historiography

14. Art and aesthetic theory

15. The impact on Europe

16. The impact on America: Scottish philosophy and the American

Founding

17. The nineteenth-century aftermath

Select bibliography

Index

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一位真正的怀疑论者会对自己的怀疑论也产生怀疑。

1783年，爱丁堡皇家学会的成立标志着苏格兰的自然知识发展进入了一个大变革的历史时期。随着科学家们主导学界，艺术大师们的时代宣告终结。

反对休谟将效用标准和快乐标准作为道德的基础的观点，这从他用合宜的标准取代效用标准和快乐标准的做法中便能一目了然。我们赞许和钦佩的对象并不是房子的舒适、财富的充裕或是良好的政治制度给人民带来的益处，而是手段与对象的设计目的之间的精确“契合”，即我们“对体系之深爱”。休谟认为，德性的效用使其能被想象所接纳，但这种观点只是出于对人类行为所作的抽象而哲学的探讨。只有在真实生活场景下施动者和旁观者的激情碰撞中，同情原则和合宜标准才有价值。

书籍介绍

In this volume a distinguished team of contributors examines the writings of David Hume, Adam Smith, Thomas Reid, Adam Ferguson, Colin Maclaurin and other Scottish thinkers, in fields including philosophy, natural theology, economics, anthropology, natural science and law. In addition, the contributors relate the Scottish Enlightenment to its historical context and assess its impact and legacy in Europe, America and beyond. The volume will be of interest to a wide range of readers in philosophy, theology, literature and the history of ideas.